Neural Engineering – MCQs

1. Neural engineering is best described as:
(A) The study of soil mechanics
(B) The application of engineering to the nervous system
(C) The design of aircraft systems
(D) The study of plant physiology

2. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are used to:
(A) Grow brain cells in labs
(B) Enable direct communication between brain and external devices
(C) Replace cardiac pacemakers
(D) Control kidney functions

3. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is primarily used to treat:
(A) Parkinson’s disease
(B) Diabetes
(C) Asthma
(D) Hypertension

4. Electroencephalography (EEG) records:
(A) Heart activity
(B) Brain electrical activity
(C) Muscle activity
(D) Kidney function

5. Neural prostheses are designed to:
(A) Improve vision or hearing
(B) Replace or restore nervous system function
(C) Enhance muscle mass
(D) Diagnose fractures

6. A cochlear implant is an example of:
(A) Visual prosthesis
(B) Auditory prosthesis
(C) Motor prosthesis
(D) Spinal prosthesis

7. Neuroplasticity refers to:
(A) The ability of neurons to regenerate
(B) The adaptability of the nervous system to change
(C) The elasticity of brain tissue
(D) The chemical stability of neurotransmitters

8. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is used to:
(A) Measure brain activity by detecting blood flow
(B) Measure lung capacity
(C) Diagnose kidney failure
(D) Monitor bone density

9. Which signal is most commonly used in non-invasive BCIs?
(A) EEG signals
(B) ECG signals
(C) EMG signals
(D) Blood pressure signals

10. Retinal implants are used to restore:
(A) Smell
(B) Vision
(C) Hearing
(D) Touch

11. The nervous system communicates primarily through:
(A) Chemical signals only
(B) Electrical and chemical signals
(C) Mechanical vibrations
(D) Magnetic fields

12. Neural decoding in BCIs involves:
(A) Converting brain signals into meaningful commands
(B) Regenerating neurons
(C) Monitoring heart rate
(D) Detecting bone fractures

13. The first clinical application of deep brain stimulation was in:
(A) Alzheimer’s disease
(B) Parkinson’s disease
(C) Stroke
(D) Epilepsy

14. Neuroprosthetics can include:
(A) Artificial limbs controlled by neural signals
(B) Cochlear implants
(C) Retinal implants
(D) All of the above

15. A microelectrode array is used for:
(A) Delivering insulin
(B) Recording and stimulating neural activity
(C) Increasing lung function
(D) Detecting blood sugar

16. Spinal cord stimulation is primarily used for:
(A) Chronic pain management
(B) Improving vision
(C) Enhancing memory
(D) Blood pressure control

17. Neuroengineering overlaps most with:
(A) Civil engineering
(B) Biomedical engineering
(C) Aerospace engineering
(D) Agricultural engineering

18. A major challenge in neural engineering is:
(A) Waterproofing devices
(B) Biocompatibility of implants
(C) Reducing airplane fuel
(D) Soil erosion

19. Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) are similar to BCIs in that they:
(A) Connect brain activity with external devices
(B) Measure soil resistance
(C) Control heart rhythm
(D) Monitor plant growth

20. Which imaging technique is most commonly used in neural engineering?
(A) X-ray
(B) fMRI
(C) Ultrasound
(D) CT scan

21. Neurotransmitters are:
(A) Mechanical switches
(B) Chemicals that transmit signals between neurons
(C) Electrical wires in the brain
(D) Artificial implants

22. Optogenetics is a technique that:
(A) Uses light to control neurons
(B) Uses sound to stimulate muscles
(C) Uses magnets to control blood flow
(D) Uses chemicals to stop brain signals

23. Brain mapping involves:
(A) Identifying functions of different brain regions
(B) Monitoring blood sugar
(C) Designing microchips
(D) Building artificial limbs

24. Neuroethics is concerned with:
(A) Ethical issues in manipulating brain activity
(B) Soil fertility
(C) Power generation
(D) Hospital billing

25. A brain-controlled wheelchair is an application of:
(A) Neuroprosthetics
(B) Brain-computer interface
(C) Orthotics
(D) Robotics only

26. Invasive BCIs require:
(A) Electrodes placed inside the brain
(B) Headphones
(C) Skin surface sensors only
(D) No physical devices

27. EEG-based BCIs are considered:
(A) Non-invasive
(B) Invasive
(C) Semi-invasive
(D) Hazardous

28. Neural implants must avoid:
(A) Infection and tissue rejection
(B) Battery charging
(C) Weather changes
(D) Eye strain

29. Neurostimulation therapies are used in:
(A) Epilepsy
(B) Depression
(C) Parkinson’s disease
(D) All of the above

30. A hippocampal prosthesis is aimed at restoring:
(A) Vision
(B) Hearing
(C) Memory function
(D) Blood circulation

31. What is the primary signal used in Electrocorticography (ECoG)?
(A) Cardiac signals
(B) Cortical brain signals
(C) Muscle signals
(D) Kidney signals

32. Brain-spinal interfaces aim to:
(A) Restore communication after spinal cord injury
(B) Improve lung function
(C) Increase bone density
(D) Measure heart activity

33. A non-invasive method for brain stimulation is:
(A) Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
(B) Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)
(C) Spinal cord implant
(D) Optogenetics

34. The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) is:
(A) A protective barrier preventing harmful substances from entering the brain
(B) A surgical tool
(C) A type of neuroprosthesis
(D) A brain electrode

35. Neurochips are designed to:
(A) Interface electronic circuits with neurons
(B) Replace bones
(C) Store blood
(D) Control hormones

36. A key limitation of EEG-based BCIs is:
(A) Low spatial resolution
(B) High cost only
(C) Lack of electrodes
(D) No wireless capability

37. Which disease involves demyelination of neurons?
(A) Multiple Sclerosis
(B) Diabetes
(C) Arthritis
(D) Asthma

38. Brain organoids are used in research for:
(A) Modeling brain development and disease
(B) Treating fractures
(C) Enhancing lung capacity
(D) Monitoring kidney function

39. A retinal prosthesis is also known as:
(A) Bionic eye
(B) Cochlear implant
(C) Artificial heart
(D) Visual cortex stimulator

40. A neural interface system must ensure:
(A) Safety and long-term stability
(B) Faster internet browsing
(C) More fuel efficiency
(D) Reduced soil erosion

41. Brain-computer interfaces are often tested in patients with:
(A) ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)
(B) Diabetes
(C) Hypertension
(D) Asthma

42. Neurofeedback training helps in:
(A) Teaching patients to regulate brain activity
(B) Increasing bone density
(C) Improving kidney function
(D) Reducing muscle mass

43. Which electrode type penetrates brain tissue?
(A) Surface electrodes
(B) Intracortical electrodes
(C) Dry electrodes
(D) Gel electrodes

44. Artificial intelligence in neural engineering is used to:
(A) Decode brain signals and predict intentions
(B) Repair broken bones
(C) Enhance lung capacity
(D) Monitor soil

45. Brain-controlled robotic arms are an example of:
(A) Brain-computer interface
(B) Neuropharmacology
(C) Tissue engineering
(D) Optogenetics

46. Neurogenesis refers to:
(A) Formation of new neurons
(B) Death of neurons
(C) Plasticity of synapses
(D) Electrical stimulation of nerves

47. Neural dust technology uses:
(A) Ultrasound-powered tiny sensors
(B) Magnetic fields only
(C) Large electrodes
(D) Chemical dyes

48. Which part of the brain is primarily involved in motor control?
(A) Cerebellum
(B) Hippocampus
(C) Thalamus
(D) Medulla

49. A neurostimulator implanted for epilepsy targets the:
(A) Vagus nerve
(B) Sciatic nerve
(C) Optic nerve
(D) Facial nerve

50. The long-term vision of neural engineering is:
(A) To fully integrate neural prosthetics with natural brain function
(B) To replace agriculture
(C) To eliminate civil engineering
(D) To enhance soil fertility