Immunology MCQs

1. What is immunology?
A) The study of weather patterns
B) The study of immune systems
C) The study of geological formations
D) The study of animal behavior

Answer: B) The study of immune systems

2. What is the primary function of the immune system?
A) To regulate body temperature
B) To maintain blood pressure
C) To protect against pathogens
D) To aid in digestion

Answer: C) To protect against pathogens

3. Which cells are responsible for producing antibodies?
A) T cells
B) B cells
C) Natural killer cells
D) Macrophages

Answer: B) B cells

4. What is the role of antibodies in the immune system?
A) To engulf pathogens
B) To produce cytokines
C) To neutralize pathogens
D) To destroy infected cells

Answer: C) To neutralize pathogens

5. Which of the following is NOT an example of an immune response?
A) Inflammation
B) Fever
C) Digestion
D) Production of antibodies

Answer: C) Digestion

6. What are antigens?
A) Proteins that help in digestion
B) Substances that activate the immune system
C) Hormones that regulate body temperature
D) Enzymes that break down pathogens

Answer: B) Substances that activate the immune system

7. What is the function of T cells in the immune system?
A) To produce antibodies
B) To directly kill infected cells
C) To phagocytose pathogens
D) To release histamines

Answer: B) To directly kill infected cells

8. Which cells are part of the innate immune system?
A) B cells and T cells
B) Macrophages and neutrophils
C) Dendritic cells and natural killer cells
D) Helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells

Answer: B) Macrophages and neutrophils

9. What is the role of dendritic cells in the immune system?
A) To produce antibodies
B) To present antigens to T cells
C) To kill infected cells
D) To release cytokines

Answer: B) To present antigens to T cells

10. What is the function of cytokines in the immune system?
A) To produce antibodies
B) To regulate immune responses
C) To destroy pathogens
D) To activate B cells

Answer: B) To regulate immune responses

11. Which of the following is an example of a primary lymphoid organ?
A) Spleen
B) Thymus
C) Lymph nodes
D) Bone marrow

Answer: B) Thymus

12. What is the function of the complement system in the immune system?
A) To produce antibodies
B) To activate T cells
C) To enhance phagocytosis
D) To regulate cytokine production

Answer: C) To enhance phagocytosis

13. Which type of immunity is acquired through vaccination?
A) Innate immunity
B) Passive immunity
C) Active immunity
D) Adaptive immunity

Answer: C) Active immunity

14. What is the difference between humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity?
A) Humoral immunity involves T cells, while cell-mediated immunity involves B cells.
B) Humoral immunity is antibody-mediated, while cell-mediated immunity involves direct cell-to-cell interactions.
C) Humoral immunity is faster than cell-mediated immunity.
D) Humoral immunity is only effective against viruses, while cell-mediated immunity is effective against bacteria.

Answer: B) Humoral immunity is antibody-mediated, while cell-mediated immunity involves direct cell-to-cell interactions.

15. Which cells are primarily responsible for allergic reactions?
A) Neutrophils
B) B cells
C) Eosinophils
D) Natural killer cells

Answer: C) Eosinophils

16. What is the role of memory cells in the immune system?
A) To produce antibodies
B) To initiate immune responses
C) To remember previous infections
D) To regulate cytokine production

Answer: C) To remember previous infections

17. Which cells are targeted by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)?
A) Neutrophils
B) B cells
C) Helper T cells
D) Eosinophils

Answer: C) Helper T cells

18. What is the function of natural killer cells in the immune system?
A) To produce antibodies
B) To kill infected cells directly
C) To present antigens to T cells
D) To regulate cytokine production

Answer: B) To kill infected cells directly

19. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of inflammation?
A) Redness
B) Swelling
C) Decreased blood flow
D) Pain

Answer: C) Decreased blood flow

20. What is the role of antibodies in opsonization?
A) To neutralize pathogens
B) To enhance phagocytosis
C) To kill infected cells
D) To regulate cytokine production

Answer: B) To enhance phagocytosis

21. Which immunoglobulin is involved in allergic reactions?
A) IgG
B) IgA
C) IgE
D) IgM

Answer: C) IgE

22. Which cells are responsible for the formation of pus during an infection?
A) Neutrophils
B) B cells
C) Helper T cells
D) Natural killer cells

Answer: A) Neutrophils

23. What is the function of plasma cells in the immune system?
A) To produce antibodies
B) To kill infected cells
C) To phagocytose pathogens
D) To regulate cytokine production

Answer: A) To produce antibodies

24. What is the purpose of the MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) molecules?
A) To activate B cells
B) To present antigens to T cells
C) To produce antibodies
D) To enhance phagocytosis

Answer: B) To present antigens to T cells

25. What is the role of regulatory T cells in the immune system?
A) To activate B cells
B) To suppress immune responses
C) To produce antibodies
D) To enhance phagocytosis

Answer: B) To suppress immune responses

26. Which of the following is an example of passive immunity?
A) Vaccination
B) Antibody transfer from mother to fetus
C) Exposure to a pathogen
D) T cell activation

Answer: B) Antibody transfer from mother to fetus

27. Which of the following is a characteristic of the adaptive immune response?
A) Rapid response upon first exposure to a pathogen
B) Generic recognition of pathogens
C) Formation of memory cells after exposure to antigens
D) Limited diversity of antigen receptors

Answer: C) Formation of memory cells after exposure to antigens

28. What is the primary function of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the immune system?
A) To produce antibodies
B) To activate B cells
C) To recognize pathogens and activate immune responses
D) To regulate cytokine production

Answer: C) To recognize pathogens and activate immune responses

29. Which of the following is an example of an autoimmune disease?
A) Diabetes
B) Influenza
C) Chickenpox
D) Tuberculosis

Answer: A) Diabetes

30. What is the role of histamine in the immune response?
A) To neutralize pathogens
B) To promote blood clotting
C) To dilate blood vessels and increase permeability
D) To activate T cells

Answer: C) To dilate blood vessels and increase permeability

31. Which cells are involved in the formation of granulomas in response to persistent infections?
A) Macrophages
B) T cells
C) B cells
D) Eosinophils

Answer: A) Macrophages

32. What is the function of the spleen in the immune system?
A) To produce antibodies
B) To filter blood and remove old red blood cells
C) To activate T cells
D) To regulate cytokine production

Answer: B) To filter blood and remove old red blood cells

33. Which of the following is a primary function of the lymphatic system in the immune response?
A) Producing antibodies
B) Transporting lymphocytes and antigens
C) Digesting pathogens
D) Regulating cytokine production

Answer: B) Transporting lymphocytes and antigens

34. What is the purpose of immunosuppressive drugs?
A) To enhance immune responses
B) To suppress immune responses
C) To kill pathogens directly
D) To regulate cytokine production

Answer: B) To suppress immune responses

35. What is the role of perforin and granzyme in cell-mediated immunity?
A) To produce antibodies
B) To activate B cells
C) To kill infected cells
D) To regulate cytokine production

Answer: C) To kill infected cells

36. Which of the following is a characteristic of a secondary immune response?
A) Slower and weaker compared to the primary response
B) Involves the production of memory cells
C) Does not involve antibodies
D) Occurs only in innate immunity

Answer: B) Involves the production

Immunology MCQs

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