Immunology MCQs

1. What is immunology? A) The study of weather patterns B) The study of immune systems C) The study of geological formations D) The study of animal behavior Answer: B) The study of immune systems 2. What is the primary function of the immune system? A) To regulate body temperature B) To maintain blood pressure C) To protect against pathogens D) To aid in digestion Answer: C) To protect against pathogens 3. Which cells are responsible for producing antibodies? A) T cells B) B cells C) Natural killer cells D) Macrophages Answer: B) B cells 4. What is the role of antibodies in the immune system? A) To engulf pathogens B) To produce cytokines C) To neutralize pathogens D) To destroy infected cells Answer: C) To neutralize pathogens 5. Which of the following is NOT an example of an immune response? A) Inflammation B) Fever C) Digestion D) Production of antibodies Answer: C) Digestion 6. What are antigens? A) Proteins that help in digestion B) Substances that activate the immune system C) Hormones that regulate body temperature D) Enzymes that break down pathogens Answer: B) Substances that activate the immune system 7. What is the function of T cells in the immune system? A) To produce antibodies B) To directly kill infected cells C) To phagocytose pathogens D) To release histamines Answer: B) To directly kill infected cells 8. Which cells are part of the innate immune system? A) B cells and T cells B) Macrophages and neutrophils C) Dendritic cells and natural killer cells D) Helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells Answer: B) Macrophages and neutrophils 9. What is the role of dendritic cells in the immune system? A) To produce antibodies B) To present antigens to T cells C) To kill infected cells D) To release cytokines Answer: B) To present antigens to T cells 10. What is the function of cytokines in the immune system? A) To produce antibodies B) To regulate immune responses C) To destroy pathogens D) To activate B cells Answer: B) To regulate immune responses 11. Which of the following is an example of a primary lymphoid organ? A) Spleen B) Thymus C) Lymph nodes D) Bone marrow Answer: B) Thymus 12. What is the function of the complement system in the immune system? A) To produce antibodies B) To activate T cells C) To enhance phagocytosis D) To regulate cytokine production Answer: C) To enhance phagocytosis 13. Which type of immunity is acquired through vaccination? A) Innate immunity B) Passive immunity C) Active immunity D) Adaptive immunity Answer: C) Active immunity 14. What is the difference between humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity? A) Humoral immunity involves T cells, while cell-mediated immunity involves B cells. B) Humoral immunity is antibody-mediated, while cell-mediated immunity involves direct cell-to-cell interactions. C) Humoral immunity is faster than cell-mediated immunity. D) Humoral immunity is only effective against viruses, while cell-mediated immunity is effective against bacteria. Answer: B) Humoral immunity is antibody-mediated, while cell-mediated immunity involves direct cell-to-cell interactions. 15. Which cells are primarily responsible for allergic reactions? A) Neutrophils B) B cells C) Eosinophils D) Natural killer cells Answer: C) Eosinophils 16. What is the role of memory cells in the immune system? A) To produce antibodies B) To initiate immune responses C) To remember previous infections D) To regulate cytokine production Answer: C) To remember previous infections 17. Which cells are targeted by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)? A) Neutrophils B) B cells C) Helper T cells D) Eosinophils Answer: C) Helper T cells 18. What is the function of natural killer cells in the immune system? A) To produce antibodies B) To kill infected cells directly C) To present antigens to T cells D) To regulate cytokine production Answer: B) To kill infected cells directly 19. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of inflammation? A) Redness B) Swelling C) Decreased blood flow D) Pain Answer: C) Decreased blood flow 20. What is the role of antibodies in opsonization? A) To neutralize pathogens B) To enhance phagocytosis C) To kill infected cells D) To regulate cytokine production Answer: B) To enhance phagocytosis 21. Which immunoglobulin is involved in allergic reactions? A) IgG B) IgA C) IgE D) IgM Answer: C) IgE 22. Which cells are responsible for the formation of pus during an infection? A) Neutrophils B) B cells C) Helper T cells D) Natural killer cells Answer: A) Neutrophils 23. What is the function of plasma cells in the immune system? A) To produce antibodies B) To kill infected cells C) To phagocytose pathogens D) To regulate cytokine production Answer: A) To produce antibodies 24. What is the purpose of the MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) molecules? A) To activate B cells B) To present antigens to T cells C) To produce antibodies D) To enhance phagocytosis Answer: B) To present antigens to T cells 25. What is the role of regulatory T cells in the immune system? A) To activate B cells B) To suppress immune responses C) To produce antibodies D) To enhance phagocytosis Answer: B) To suppress immune responses 26. Which of the following is an example of passive immunity? A) Vaccination B) Antibody transfer from mother to fetus C) Exposure to a pathogen D) T cell activation Answer: B) Antibody transfer from mother to fetus 27. Which of the following is a characteristic of the adaptive immune response? A) Rapid response upon first exposure to a pathogen B) Generic recognition of pathogens C) Formation of memory cells after exposure to antigens D) Limited diversity of antigen receptors Answer: C) Formation of memory cells after exposure to antigens 28. What is the primary function of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the immune system? A) To produce antibodies B) To activate B cells C) To recognize pathogens and activate immune responses D) To regulate cytokine production Answer: C) To recognize pathogens and activate immune responses 29. Which of the following is an example of an autoimmune disease? A) Diabetes B) Influenza C) Chickenpox D) Tuberculosis Answer: A) Diabetes 30. What is the role of histamine in the immune response? A) To neutralize pathogens B) To promote blood clotting C) To dilate blood vessels and increase permeability D) To activate T cells Answer: C) To dilate blood vessels and increase permeability 31. Which cells are involved in the formation of granulomas in response to persistent infections? A) Macrophages B) T cells C) B cells D) Eosinophils Answer: A) Macrophages 32. What is the function of the spleen in the immune system? A) To produce antibodies B) To filter blood and remove old red blood cells C) To activate T cells D) To regulate cytokine production Answer: B) To filter blood and remove old red blood cells 33. Which of the following is a primary function of the lymphatic system in the immune response? A) Producing antibodies B) Transporting lymphocytes and antigens C) Digesting pathogens D) Regulating cytokine production Answer: B) Transporting lymphocytes and antigens 34. What is the purpose of immunosuppressive drugs? A) To enhance immune responses B) To suppress immune responses C) To kill pathogens directly D) To regulate cytokine production Answer: B) To suppress immune responses 35. What is the role of perforin and granzyme in cell-mediated immunity? A) To produce antibodies B) To activate B cells C) To kill infected cells D) To regulate cytokine production Answer: C) To kill infected cells 36. Which of the following is a characteristic of a secondary immune response? A) Slower and weaker compared to the primary response B) Involves the production of memory cells C) Does not involve antibodies D) Occurs only in innate immunity Answer: B) Involves the production

Immunology MCQs

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