Ethical considerations (e.g., consent, bias) MCQs January 8, 2026November 19, 2024 by u930973931_answers 15 min Score: 0 Attempted: 0/15 Subscribe 1. Which of the following is the most important ethical consideration when collecting data for mining? (A) The quantity of data collected (B) Minimizing the cost of data storage (C) Obtaining informed consent from the individuals whose data is being used (D) Ensuring faster data processing 2. What is informed consent in the context of ethical data mining? (A) Permission given by individuals to allow their data to be used for specific purposes with full understanding (B) The process of collecting as much data as possible (C) Automatic collection of data without informing users (D) Requirement to anonymize data before use 3. Which of the following is a potential ethical issue when a data mining model is biased? (A) The accuracy of predictions (B) Volume of data required (C) Speed of model training (D) Reinforcement of existing inequalities or discrimination 4. Which of the following is an example of algorithmic bias in data mining? (A) A model performing poorly due to insufficient data (B) A model that discriminates against certain demographic groups due to biased training data (C) A model making random predictions (D) A model that is highly accurate for all users 5. Which ethical principle focuses on ensuring individuals are not harmed by data mining practices? (A) Transparency (B) Privacy (C) Non-maleficence (do no harm) (D) Accountability 6. Which of the following best describes the ethical issue of data privacy in data mining? (A) Limiting the number of datasets used (B) Ensuring data is anonymized and cannot be traced back to individuals (C) Maximizing the amount of data collected (D) Improving storage efficiency 7. What is the ethical concern with using personal data without consent for targeted advertising? (A) Increased advertisement accuracy (B) Potential market manipulation and user exploitation (C) Reduced advertising costs (D) Larger audience reach 8. How can bias in data be minimized to promote fairness in data mining models? (A) Using only large datasets (B) Optimizing models only for performance (C) Ignoring outliers (D) Collecting data from diverse sources with balanced representation 9. Which ethical issue arises from using sensitive data without adequate safeguards? (A) Data misinterpretation (B) Low usefulness of data (C) Long analysis time (D) Violation of privacy or consent 10. What is the ethical concern related to data ownership in data mining? (A) Data should be freely accessible (B) Organizations using data without permission (C) Individuals controlling how their data is used (D) Data collection without restrictions 11. Which ethical conflict may arise when data mining is used for predictive policing? (A) Prediction accuracy (B) Processing efficiency (C) Amount of data required (D) Racial profiling or discrimination 12. What does transparency mean in ethical data mining? (A) Making all data public (B) Allowing decisions without explanation (C) Clearly explaining how data is collected and used (D) Hiding model development processes 13. Which action helps reduce ethical violations in data mining research? (A) Collecting data from a small population (B) Anonymizing data and obtaining informed consent (C) Using only synthetic data (D) Avoiding sensitive topics 14. What should be done before using personal data for analysis? (A) Encrypting the data (B) Centralizing data storage (C) Obtaining informed consent (D) Applying machine learning models 15. What ethical issue may arise when data mining is used in employment decisions? (A) Lack of sufficient data (B) Increased recruitment efficiency (C) Discrimination and reinforcement of existing biases (D) Loss of data privacy