Electronics and Electrical Engineering MCQs

1. What is the SI unit of electric charge?
A) Ampere
B) Coulomb
C) Ohm
D) Volt
Answer: B

2. What does the term “AC” stand for in electrical engineering?
A) Alternating Current
B) Alternating Circuit
C) Alternating Capacitance
D) Alternating Charge
Answer: A

3. Which of the following components stores electrical energy in an electric field?
A) Resistor
B) Capacitor
C) Inductor
D) Diode
Answer: B

4. What is the unit of electric potential difference?
A) Ampere
B) Volt
C) Ohm
D) Henry
Answer: B

5. Which law states that the voltage drop across a circuit element is equal to the product of the current through the element and its resistance?
A) Ohm’s Law
B) Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
C) Kirchhoff’s Current Law
D) Faraday’s Law
Answer: A

6. In a series DC circuit, how does adding resistors affect the total resistance?
A) Decreases
B) Increases
C) Stays the same
D) Depends on the values of the resistors
Answer: B

7. Which of the following is a semiconductor device that emits light when current flows through it?
A) Diode
B) Transistor
C) LED (Light Emitting Diode)
D) Thyristor
Answer: C

8. What does the acronym “PWM” stand for in electronics?
A) Pulse Width Modulation
B) Phase Width Modulation
C) Pulse Wave Modulation
D) Phase Wave Modulation
Answer: A

9. Which type of semiconductor material has excess electrons (negative charge carriers)?
A) P-type
B) N-type
C) Intrinsic
D) Extrinsic
Answer: B

10. What is the primary function of a rectifier in electrical circuits?
A) To store electrical energy
B) To convert AC to DC
C) To step up voltage
D) To control current flow
Answer: B

11. Which electronic component allows current to flow in only one direction?
A) Capacitor
B) Inductor
C) Diode
D) Resistor
Answer: C

12. What is the SI unit of frequency?
A) Hertz (Hz)
B) Ohm
C) Volt
D) Farad
Answer: A

13. Which electronic component is used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power?
A) Diode
B) Resistor
C) Transistor
D) Capacitor
Answer: C

14. What is the purpose of a fuse in an electrical circuit?
A) To measure current flow
B) To store electrical energy
C) To protect against overcurrent
D) To control voltage
Answer: C

15. Which of the following is a passive electronic component used to store electrical energy temporarily in an electric field?
A) Resistor
B) Inductor
C) Capacitor
D) Transistor
Answer: C

16. What is the function of an oscillator in electronics?
A) To regulate voltage
B) To amplify signals
C) To generate repetitive waveforms
D) To convert AC to DC
Answer: C

17. Which type of motor operates based on the principle of electromagnetic induction?
A) DC Motor
B) Stepper Motor
C) Induction Motor
D) Servo Motor
Answer: C

18. What does the acronym “IC” stand for in electronics?
A) Integrated Capacitor
B) Integrated Circuit
C) Insulated Capacitor
D) Insulated Circuit
Answer: B

19. Which electronic component allows current to flow in both directions?
A) Diode
B) Transistor
C) Resistor
D) Thyristor
Answer: D

20. What is the function of a voltage regulator in electronics?
A) To convert AC to DC
B) To store electrical energy
C) To maintain a constant voltage output
D) To amplify signals
Answer: C

21. Which of the following statements about resistors in series is true?
A) They have the same voltage drop across each resistor.
B) The total resistance is equal to the sum of individual resistances.
C) The total current through the resistors is the sum of individual currents.
D) All of the above.
Answer: D

22. What is the unit of capacitance?
A) Ampere
B) Ohm
C) Farad
D) Henry
Answer: C

23. Which electronic component stores energy in a magnetic field?
A) Capacitor
B) Inductor
C) Resistor
D) Diode
Answer: B

24. What is the purpose of a transformer in an AC circuit?
A) To convert AC to DC
B) To store electrical energy
C) To step up or step down voltage
D) To control current flow
Answer: C

25. Which law states that the total current entering a junction is equal to the total current leaving the junction in a DC circuit?
A) Ohm’s Law
B) Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
C) Kirchhoff’s Current Law
D) Faraday’s Law
Answer: C

26. In a parallel DC circuit, how does adding resistors affect the total resistance?
A) Decreases
B) Increases
C) Stays the same
D) Depends on the values of the resistors
Answer: A

27. Which of the following is a device used to store electrical charge?
A) Capacitor
B) Inductor
C) Resistor
D) Diode
Answer: A

28. What is the primary function of a diode in electronics?
A) To store electrical energy
B) To regulate voltage
C) To control current flow in one direction
D) To amplify signals
Answer: C

29. Which electronic component is characterized by its ability to change resistance with changes in temperature?
A) Thermistor
B) Varistor
C) Potentiometer
D) Rheostat
Answer: A

30. What is the function of a transistor in electronic circuits?
A) To store electrical energy
B) To amplify or switch electronic signals
C) To convert AC to DC
D) To measure current flow
Answer: B

31. Which electronic component is commonly used as a voltage divider in electronic circuits?
A) Diode
B) Capacitor
C) Resistor
D) Inductor
Answer: C

32. What is the purpose of a flyback diode in electronics?
A) To regulate voltage
B) To store electrical energy
C) To protect against voltage spikes
D) To amplify signals
Answer: C

33. Which of the following is a characteristic of an insulator?
A) Low resistance to electric current
B) High resistance to electric current
C) Allows current flow in one direction only
D) None of the above
Answer: B

34. What is the primary function of a supercapacitor in electronics?
A) To store large amounts of electrical energy
B) To regulate voltage
C) To switch electronic signals
D) To amplify signals
Answer: A

35. Which electronic component is used to protect circuits from excessive current flow?
A) Capacitor
B) Inductor
C) Resistor
D) Fuse
Answer: D

36. What is the purpose of a Schottky diode in electronics?
A) To store electrical energy
B) To regulate voltage
C) To switch electronic signals
D) To rectify low voltage signals
Answer: D

37. Which of the following is a semiconductor device commonly used as an electronic switch?
A) Resistor
B) Capacitor
C) Transistor
D) Inductor
Answer: C

38. What is the primary function of a thermocouple in electronics?
A) To store electrical energy
B) To measure temperature
C) To amplify signals
D) To regulate voltage
Answer: B

39. Which electronic component is used to smooth out variations in DC voltage?
A) Capacitor
B) Inductor
C) Resistor
D) Transformer
Answer: A

40. What is the purpose of a zener diode in electronics?
A) To store electrical energy
B) To regulate voltage
C) To switch electronic signals
D) To rectify AC signals
Answer: B

41. Which law states that the voltage around a closed loop is equal to the sum of the voltage drops?
A) Ohm’s Law
B) Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
C) Kirchhoff’s Current Law
D) Faraday’s Law
Answer: B

42. In an inductive circuit, what happens to current when the inductance is increased?
A) Increases
B) Decreases
C) Stays the same
D) Depends on the resistance
Answer: B

43. What is the unit of magnetic flux?
A) Tesla
B) Weber
C) Gauss
D) Ohm
Answer: B

44. Which of the following is a type of electric motor that operates based on the interaction between magnetic fields?
A) Stepper Motor
B) DC Motor
C) Servo Motor
D) Induction Motor
Answer: D

45. What is the primary function of a thyristor in electronic circuits?
A) To store electrical energy
B) To regulate voltage
C) To switch electronic signals
D) To control high current applications
Answer: D

46. Which of the following is a type of digital logic gate?
A) Resistor
B) Diode
C) AND Gate
D) Capacitor
Answer: C

47. What is the primary function of an optocoupler in electronic circuits?
A) To store electrical energy
B) To regulate voltage
C) To switch electronic signals
D) To isolate signals
Answer: D

48. Which law states that the induced electromotive force (EMF) in a circuit is equal to the rate of change of magnetic flux through the circuit?
A) Ohm’s Law
B) Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
C) Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction
D) Lenz’s Law
Answer: C

49. In a DC circuit, which of the following components would cause a phase shift in the current waveform?
A) Capacitor
B) Inductor
C) Resistor
D) Diode
Answer: B

50. Which electronic component is used to convert AC to DC?
A) Transformer
B) Diode
C) Inductor
D) Capacitor
Answer: B

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