Control Engineering MCQs

1. What is the primary objective of control engineering?
A) To amplify signals
B) To regulate power consumption
C) To maintain system variables at desired values
D) To convert AC to DC
Answer: C

2. Which type of control system adjusts its output based on the current input only?
A) Open-loop control system
B) Closed-loop control system
C) Nonlinear control system
D) Adaptive control system
Answer: A

3. In control engineering, what is the purpose of a controller?
A) To compare actual output with desired output
B) To convert DC to AC
C) To store data
D) To convert analog signals to digital signals
Answer: A

4. Which component in a control system provides the necessary corrective action to minimize the error between actual and desired outputs?
A) Sensor
B) Actuator
C) Comparator
D) Controller
Answer: D

5. Which type of controller adjusts the output based on the integral of the error signal over time?
A) Proportional (P) controller
B) Integral (I) controller
C) Derivative (D) controller
D) PID controller
Answer: B

6. A system is said to be stable if:
A) It operates at maximum efficiency
B) The output does not oscillate over time
C) It has a high gain margin
D) It has a fast response time
Answer: B

7. Which parameter characterizes the transient response of a control system?
A) Steady-state error
B) Rise time
C) Bandwidth
D) Gain margin
Answer: B

8. Which control system property indicates how well a system can reject disturbances?
A) Gain margin
B) Bandwidth
C) Disturbance rejection
D) Rise time
Answer: C

9. Which type of control system is designed to handle varying operating conditions and parameters?
A) Adaptive control system
B) Nonlinear control system
C) Optimal control system
D) Digital control system
Answer: A

10. Which transfer function represents a system with no feedback?
A) 𝐺(𝑠)= $1s2+s+1\frac{1}{s^2 + s + 1}$
B) 𝐺(𝑠)= $1s+1\frac{1}{s + 1}$
C) 𝐺(𝑠)= $ss2+1\frac{s}{s^2 + 1}$
D) 𝐺(𝑠)= $1s\frac{1}{s}$
Answer: D

11. Which parameter characterizes the phase margin of a control system?
A) Maximum phase shift
B) Phase lag at crossover frequency
C) Frequency response range
D) Difference between 180 degrees and phase lag at crossover frequency
Answer: D

12. Which control system configuration is generally more stable and has better performance?
A) Series control system
B) Parallel control system
C) Feedback control system
D) Open-loop control system
Answer: C

13. Which type of feedback is used to reduce the gain of a control system at high frequencies?
A) Positive feedback
B) Negative feedback
C) Proportional feedback
D) Integral feedback
Answer: B

14. Which type of controller adjusts the output based on the rate of change of the error signal?
A) Proportional (P) controller
B) Integral (I) controller
C) Derivative (D) controller
D) PID controller
Answer: C

15. Which characteristic of a system indicates how fast it responds to changes in the input signal?
A) Gain margin
B) Rise time
C) Bandwidth
D) Steady-state error
Answer: B

16. Which type of controller is a combination of P, I, and D actions?
A) Proportional (P) controller
B) Integral (I) controller
C) Derivative (D) controller
D) PID controller
Answer: D

17. Which parameter measures how well a control system follows a varying input signal over time?
A) Rise time
B) Overshoot
C) Steady-state error
D) Settling time
Answer: C

18. Which type of system is characterized by a transfer function with no pole at the origin?
A) Type 0 system
B) Type 1 system
C) Type 2 system
D) Type 3 system
Answer: A

19. Which parameter characterizes the ability of a control system to maintain a stable output despite disturbances?
A) Disturbance rejection ratio
B) Sensitivity
C) Bandwidth
D) Gain margin
Answer: B

20. Which parameter measures the maximum output error in a control system after reaching a steady state?
A) Rise time
B) Overshoot
C) Steady-state error
D) Settling time
Answer: C

21. Which type of control system uses a digital computer to process control algorithms?
A) Analog control system
B) Digital control system
C) Adaptive control system
D) Optimal control system
Answer: B

22. Which type of controller is commonly used in temperature control systems to maintain a constant temperature?
A) P controller
B) PI controller
C) PD controller
D) PID controller
Answer: D

23. Which characteristic of a control system indicates its ability to recover from disturbances quickly?
A) Bandwidth
B) Damping ratio
C) Resonant frequency
D) Natural frequency
Answer: A

24. Which parameter is used to assess the stability of a control system based on the location of poles and zeros in the s-plane?
A) Phase margin
B) Gain margin
C) Root locus
D) Bode plot
Answer: C

25. Which type of system has a transfer function with a pole at the origin?
A) Type 0 system
B) Type 1 system
C) Type 2 system
D) Type 3 system
Answer: B

26. Which component in a control system provides the necessary corrective action to minimize the error between actual and desired outputs?
A) Sensor
B) Actuator
C) Comparator
D) Controller
Answer: D

27. Which parameter characterizes the settling time of a control system’s response?
A) Time required to reach within a specified error band
B) Time taken to reach the maximum overshoot
C) Time taken to stabilize after a disturbance
D) Time taken for the response to decay
Answer: A

28. Which type of feedback is used to increase the gain of a control system?
A) Positive feedback
B) Negative feedback
C) Proportional feedback
D) Integral feedback
Answer: A

29. Which parameter indicates the frequency range over which a control system can effectively operate?
A) Bandwidth
B) Damping ratio
C) Natural frequency
D) Resonant frequency
Answer: A

30. Which type of controller is used to improve the steady-state accuracy of a control system?
A) P controller
B) I controller
C) D controller
D) PI controller
Answer: D

31. Which parameter characterizes the responsiveness of a control system without oscillations?
A) Damping ratio
B) Bandwidth
C) Phase margin
D) Gain margin
Answer: A

32. Which type of system is characterized by a transfer function with one integrator?
A) Type 0 system
B) Type 1 system
C) Type 2 system
D) Type 3 system
Answer: B

33. Which parameter measures the ratio of the steady-state output to the steady-state input in a control system?
A) Overshoot
B) Settling time
C) Rise time
D) Static gain
Answer: D

34. Which type of system has a transfer function with two integrators?
A) Type 0 system
B) Type 1 system
C) Type 2 system
D) Type 3 system
Answer: C

35. Which parameter indicates the maximum deviation of the output signal from its desired value in a control system?
A) Overshoot
B) Steady-state error
C) Rise time
D) Settling time
Answer: A

36. Which type of controller adjusts the output based on the integral of the error signal over time?
A) Proportional (P) controller
B) Integral (I) controller
C) Derivative (D) controller
D) PID controller
Answer: B

37. Which characteristic of a control system indicates the time taken for the output to stabilize after a disturbance?
A) Bandwidth
B) Damping ratio
C) Natural frequency
D) Settling time
Answer: D

38. Which type of system has a transfer function with three integrators?
A) Type 0 system
B) Type 1 system
C) Type 2 system
D) Type 3 system
Answer: D

39. Which parameter measures the time required for the output to rise from 10% to 90% of its final value in a control system?
A) Rise time
B) Overshoot
C) Settling time
D) Peak time
Answer: A

40. Which type of feedback is used to stabilize a control system by reducing gain at high frequencies?
A) Positive feedback
B) Negative feedback
C) Proportional feedback
D) Integral feedback
Answer: B

41. Which parameter indicates the frequency at which a control system’s response begins to attenuate?
A) Bandwidth
B) Damping ratio
C) Natural frequency
D) Crossover frequency
Answer: A

42. Which type of controller combines the benefits of proportional, integral, and derivative actions?
A) P controller
B) I controller
C) D controller
D) PID controller
Answer: D

43. Which parameter characterizes the time taken for the output to settle within a specified error band in a control system?
A) Rise time
B) Overshoot
C) Settling time
D) Peak time
Answer: C

44. Which type of system has a transfer function with no integrators?
A) Type 0 system
B) Type 1 system
C) Type 2 system
D) Type 3 system
Answer: A

45. Which parameter characterizes the ability of a control system to maintain stable operation despite parameter variations?
A) Sensitivity
B) Gain margin
C) Disturbance rejection ratio
D) Resilience
Answer: A

46. Which type of feedback is used to enhance the gain of a control system?
A) Positive feedback
B) Negative feedback
C) Proportional feedback
D) Integral feedback
Answer: A

47. Which parameter measures the speed at which a control system reaches its steady-state after a step change in input?
A) Rise time
B) Overshoot
C) Settling time
D) Peak time
Answer: C

48. Which type of controller is used to improve the dynamic response of a control system?
A) P controller
B) I controller
C) D controller
D) PD controller
Answer: D

49. Which parameter indicates the frequency at which a control system’s phase shift is 180 degrees?
A) Gain margin
B) Phase margin
C) Crossover frequency
D) Resonant frequency
Answer: C

50. Which type of system has a transfer function with two poles at the origin?
A) Type 0 system
B) Type 1 system
C) Type 2 system
D) Type 3 system
Answer: B

Control Engineering MCQs

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