Computer Science and Software Engineering MCQs

1. Which of the following is not a programming language?
A) Python
B) HTML
C) Java
D) MySQL
Answer: D

2. What does SQL stand for in the context of databases?
A) Structured Question Language
B) Standard Query Language
C) Sequential Query Language
D) Simple Query Language
Answer: B

3. Which data structure allows you to access elements in Last In, First Out (LIFO) order?
A) Queue
B) Stack
C) Tree
D) Linked List
Answer: B

4. In object-oriented programming, what is encapsulation?
A) Binding data and functions that manipulate the data into a single unit
B) Hiding the implementation details of a class from its objects
C) Restricting access to class members
D) Allowing one class to inherit from another class
Answer: A

5. Which of the following is a type of sorting algorithm?
A) Breadth-First Search
B) Depth-First Search
C) Binary Search
D) Quick Sort
Answer: D

6. What does HTTP stand for in the context of web technology?
A) HyperText Transfer Protocol
B) High Transfer Protocol
C) Hyper Transfer Protocol
D) HighText Transfer Protocol
Answer: A

7. Which type of testing checks if the individual units or components of a software work well together?
A) Unit testing
B) Integration testing
C) System testing
D) Acceptance testing
Answer: B

8. Which programming paradigm promotes writing code by defining the desired outcome rather than step-by-step instructions?
A) Procedural programming
B) Functional programming
C) Object-oriented programming
D) Declarative programming
Answer: D

9. What is the purpose of a compiler in programming?
A) Converts high-level language code into machine code
B) Executes the program line by line
C) Checks for errors in the program logic
D) Optimizes the performance of the program
Answer: A

10. Which data structure organizes data in a hierarchical structure with a top-down relationship?
A) Array
B) Stack
C) Queue
D) Tree
Answer: D

11. What does IDE stand for in software development?
A) Integrated Development Environment
B) Intelligent Design Environment
C) Integrated Design Environment
D) Intelligent Development Environment
Answer: A

12. Which type of database stores data in tables that are related by primary and foreign keys?
A) NoSQL database
B) Relational database
C) Graph database
D) Key-value database
Answer: B

13. What is the purpose of version control systems like Git?
A) Manage and track changes to source code
B) Compile source code into executable files
C) Debug errors in source code
D) Optimize the performance of compiled code
Answer: A

14. Which software development methodology emphasizes iterative development and frequent releases?
A) Waterfall
B) Agile
C) Spiral
D) RAD (Rapid Application Development)
Answer: B

15. What is the function of an operating system in a computer system?
A) Manages hardware resources and provides services for computer programs
B) Executes application programs
C) Generates graphical user interfaces
D) Manages user accounts and permissions
Answer: A

16. Which programming language is primarily used for statistical computing and data analysis?
A) Java
B) Python
C) C++
D) Ruby
Answer: B

17. What does API stand for in software development?
A) Application Programming Interface
B) Advanced Programming Interface
C) Application Protocol Interface
D) Advanced Protocol Interface
Answer: A

18. Which data structure allows for efficient insertion and deletion of elements from both ends?
A) Array
B) Linked list
C) Queue
D) Stack
Answer: B

19. What is the primary function of a firewall in network security?
A) Encrypts data transmissions
B) Blocks unauthorized access to a network
C) Monitors network traffic
D) Provides secure remote access to a network
Answer: B

20. Which type of testing evaluates how a system behaves under normal conditions?
A) Stress testing
B) Load testing
C) Performance testing
D) Functional testing
Answer: D

21. What does URL stand for in web technology?
A) Universal Resource Locator
B) Uniform Resource Locator
C) Universal Reference Locator
D) Uniform Reference Locator
Answer: B

22. Which type of network topology connects each network device to a central hub?
A) Star topology
B) Bus topology
C) Ring topology
D) Mesh topology
Answer: A

23. What is the purpose of a cache memory in a computer system?
A) Stores frequently accessed data to improve access speed
B) Executes application programs
C) Manages hardware resources
D) Stores the operating system files
Answer: A

24. Which programming language is commonly used for developing Android applications?
A) Swift
B) Java
C) C#
D) Objective-C
Answer: B

25. What is the function of a DNS server in computer networks?
A) Encrypts data transmissions
B) Manages user accounts and permissions
C) Translates domain names to IP addresses
D) Provides secure remote access to a network
Answer: C

26. Which type of attack attempts to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users?
A) Phishing attack
B) Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack
C) Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attack
D) SQL injection attack
Answer: B

27. What is the purpose of a virtual machine in computing?
A) Executes applications directly on the hardware
B) Simulates a complete computer system within another
C) Manages user accounts and permissions
D) Stores frequently accessed data to improve access speed
Answer: B

28. Which programming language is commonly used for scripting and automation in Linux systems?
A) Perl
B) Ruby
C) Shell scripting (bash)
D) PHP
Answer: C

29. What does HTML stand for in the context of web development?
A) HyperText Markup Language
B) High-Level Markup Language
C) Home Tool Markup Language
D) Hyperlink and Text Markup Language
Answer: A

30. Which type of encryption uses the same key for both encryption and decryption?
A) Symmetric encryption
B) Asymmetric encryption
C) Public-key encryption
D) Private-key encryption
Answer: A

31. What does XML stand for in the context of data representation?
A) eXtensible Markup Language
B) eXecutable Markup Language
C) eXclusive Markup Language
D) eXotic Markup Language
Answer: A

32. Which type of software design pattern separates the construction of a complex object from its representation?
A) Singleton pattern
B) Factory pattern
C) Builder pattern
D) Observer pattern
Answer: C

33. What is the purpose of a cookie in web browsers?
A) Stores user preferences and session information
B) Blocks malicious websites
C) Encrypts data transmissions
D) Provides secure login authentication
Answer: A

34. Which type of testing evaluates the software’s performance under a high workload?
A) Load testing
B) Stress testing
C) Unit testing
D) Integration testing
Answer: A

35. What is the function of a router in computer networks?
A) Translates domain names to IP addresses
B) Routes data packets between networks
C) Manages user accounts and permissions
D) Provides secure remote access to a network
Answer: B

36. Which programming language is primarily used for developing iOS applications?
A) Swift
B) Java
C) Objective-C
D) C#
Answer: A

37. What does RAID stand for in data storage technology?
A) Redundant Array of Independent Disks
B) Random Access Integrated Data
C) Rapid Access for Instant Data
D) Reliable Array of Indexed Disks
Answer: A

38. Which software development model focuses on breaking down the development process into smaller, manageable parts called sprints?
A) Waterfall model
B) Agile model
C) Spiral model
D) RAD model
Answer: B

39. What is the primary function of an algorithm in computer science?
A) Translates source code into machine code
B) Solves complex mathematical problems
C) Implements user interfaces
D) Defines a sequence of steps to solve a problem
Answer: D

40. Which data structure organizes data in a linear sequence where elements can be added or removed from both ends?
A) Array
B) Linked list
C) Queue
D) Stack
Answer: B

41. What does TCP/IP stand for in the context of computer networks?
A) Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
B) Total Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
C) Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
D) Telecommunication Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
Answer: A

42. Which type of testing checks if the software meets its specified requirements and functions correctly?
A) Unit testing
B) Integration testing
C) System testing
D) Acceptance testing
Answer: D

43. What is the purpose of a virtual private network (VPN)?
A) Encrypts data transmissions over a public network
B) Manages hardware resources in a virtual environment
C) Stores and retrieves large volumes of data
D) Optimizes network traffic for faster data transfer
Answer: A

44. Which type of software testing focuses on finding defects or bugs in the software?
A) Performance testing
B) Debugging
C) Acceptance testing
D) Stress testing
Answer: B

45. What does SVG stand for in web development?
A) Scalable Vector Graphics
B) Simple Vector Graphics
C) Standard Vector Graphics
D) Structured Vector Graphics
Answer: A

46. Which programming language is often used for scripting in web development and server-side applications?
A) JavaScript
B) HTML
C) CSS
D) PHP
Answer: D

47. What is the purpose of an index in a database?
A) Stores duplicate copies of data for backup
B) Organizes data for efficient search and retrieval
C) Encrypts sensitive data fields
D) Tracks changes made to database records
Answer: B

48. Which type of attack involves tricking users into revealing sensitive information?
A) Phishing attack
B) Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack
C) SQL injection attack
D) Cross-site scripting (XSS) attack
Answer: A

49. What does HTML5 introduce as a new feature in web development?
A) Enhanced support for audio and video playback
B) Improved security protocols
C) Faster rendering engines
D) Advanced animation techniques
Answer: A

50. Which software development methodology emphasizes continuous improvement and collaboration between development and operations teams?
A) Waterfall model
B) Agile model
C) DevOps
D) RAD model
Answer: C

Computer Science and Software Engineering MCQs

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