What is the primary force responsible for lifting an aircraft?
A) Drag
B) Thrust
C) Gravity
D) Lift
Answer: D) Lift
Which of the following is not a factor affecting the lift generated by an airfoil?
A) Angle of attack
B) Airfoil shape
C) Air density
D) Aircraft color
Answer: D) Aircraft color
The Bernoulli principle is used to explain the generation of which aerodynamic force?
A) Drag
B) Thrust
C) Lift
D) Weight
Answer: C) Lift
What does the term “angle of attack” refer to in aerodynamics?
A) The angle between the aircraft’s wing and the airflow
B) The angle between the aircraft’s fuselage and the horizon
C) The angle of the aircraft’s nose relative to the runway
D) The angle of the aircraft’s landing gear
Answer: A) The angle between the aircraft’s wing and the airflow
Which type of drag is primarily due to the friction of the air moving over the surface of the aircraft?
A) Induced drag
B) Parasite drag
C) Form drag
D) Wave drag
Answer: B) Parasite drag
What is the primary function of an aircraft’s winglet?
A) Increase the aircraft’s speed
B) Reduce induced drag
C) Increase the aircraft’s weight
D) Enhance the aircraft’s maneuverability
Answer: B) Reduce induced drag
In the context of aerodynamics, what does the term “streamline” refer to?
A) A shape designed to minimize drag
B) A type of aircraft propulsion system
C) The speed at which air flows over an aircraft
D) The pressure of the air around the aircraft
Answer: A) A shape designed to minimize drag
The force that opposes the motion of the aircraft through the air is known as:
A) Lift
B) Thrust
C) Drag
D) Gravity
Answer: C) Drag
Which of the following factors contributes to induced drag?
A) Wing shape
B) Airspeed
C) Altitude
D) Aircraft weight
Answer: A) Wing shape
What does “Mach number” represent in aerodynamics?
A) The ratio of the aircraft’s speed to the speed of sound
B) The ratio of the aircraft’s speed to the speed of light
C) The ratio of the aircraft’s altitude to its weight
D) The ratio of the aircraft’s weight to its lift
Answer: A) The ratio of the aircraft’s speed to the speed of sound
At what speed does an aircraft experience “transonic” conditions?
A) Just below the speed of sound
B) Exactly at the speed of sound
C) Just above the speed of sound
D) Twice the speed of sound
Answer: A) Just below the speed of sound
What is “boundary layer” in the context of aerodynamics?
A) The layer of air directly in contact with the aircraft surface
B) The layer of air that separates the aircraft from the surrounding atmosphere
C) The layer of air that moves in the opposite direction of the aircraft
D) The layer of air at the aircraft’s tail
Answer: A) The layer of air directly in contact with the aircraft surface
Which aerodynamic principle is used to explain why a car’s spoiler helps increase downforce?
A) Bernoulli’s principle
B) Newton’s third law of motion
C) Pascal’s principle
D) Archimedes’ principle
Answer: B) Newton’s third law of motion
The ratio of an aircraft’s lift to its drag is called:
A) The lift-to-drag ratio
B) The thrust-to-weight ratio
C) The drag-to-thrust ratio
D) The wing loading ratio
Answer: A) The lift-to-drag ratio
What is “stall” in aerodynamics?
A) A sudden increase in drag
B) A sudden loss of lift due to high angle of attack
C) A sudden increase in thrust
D) A sudden decrease in speed
Answer: B) A sudden loss of lift due to high angle of attack
Which of the following conditions will increase the stall speed of an aircraft?
A) Increasing the weight of the aircraft
B) Decreasing the angle of attack
C) Increasing the airspeed
D) Decreasing the altitude
Answer: A) Increasing the weight of the aircraft
The term “laminar flow” refers to:
A) Smooth and orderly air flow over the aircraft surface
B) Turbulent and irregular air flow over the aircraft surface
C) Air flow that is perpendicular to the aircraft surface
D) Air flow that causes drag on the aircraft
Answer: A) Smooth and orderly air flow over the aircraft surface
What does the term “aerodynamic efficiency” refer to?
A) The ratio of lift to drag
B) The ratio of thrust to weight
C) The ratio of speed to fuel consumption
D) The ratio of wing area to aircraft weight
Answer: A) The ratio of lift to drag
The “centre of pressure” on an airfoil is defined as:
A) The point where the lift force is considered to act
B) The point where the drag force is considered to act
C) The point where the aircraft’s weight is distributed
D) The point where the airfoil’s maximum thickness is located
Answer: A) The point where the lift force is considered to act
What is the purpose of an aircraft’s fuselage?
A) To provide structural support and house the crew and passengers
B) To generate lift
C) To create thrust
D) To reduce drag
Answer: A) To provide structural support and house the crew and passengers
What does “adverse yaw” refer to?
A) The yawing motion that occurs due to differential drag on the wings
B) The yawing motion that occurs due to a sudden change in altitude
C) The yawing motion that occurs due to uneven thrust
D) The yawing motion that occurs due to a change in airspeed
Answer: A) The yawing motion that occurs due to differential drag on the wings
The “induced drag” experienced by an aircraft is a result of:
A) The generation of lift
B) The friction of the air over the aircraft surface
C) The aircraft’s speed through the air
D) The aircraft’s weight
Answer: A) The generation of lift
In which part of the flight envelope is “wave drag” most significant?
A) At subsonic speeds
B) At transonic speeds
C) At supersonic speeds
D) At hypersonic speeds
Answer: B) At transonic speeds
The term “wing loading” refers to:
A) The weight of the aircraft divided by the wing area
B) The weight of the aircraft divided by the wing span
C) The lift generated by the wing divided by the wing area
D) The drag experienced by the wing divided by the wing area
Answer: A) The weight of the aircraft divided by the wing area
The “drag coefficient” is a measure of:
A) The drag force experienced by an object relative to its size and shape
B) The lift force experienced by an object relative to its speed
C) The thrust force generated by an engine relative to its weight
D) The weight of an object relative to its altitude
Answer: A) The drag force experienced by an object relative to its size and shape
What is the effect of increasing the aspect ratio of a wing?
A) Decreased induced drag
B) Increased parasite drag
C) Decreased lift-to-drag ratio
D) Increased stall speed
Answer: A) Decreased induced drag
The “critical Mach number” is:
A) The Mach number at which shock waves begin to form on an aircraft
B) The Mach number at which the aircraft’s maximum lift is achieved
C) The Mach number at which drag is minimized
D) The Mach number at which the aircraft’s engine reaches maximum thrust
Answer: A) The Mach number at which shock waves begin to form on an aircraft
The term “drag divergence” refers to:
A) The rapid increase in drag as an aircraft approaches the speed of sound
B) The gradual decrease in drag as an aircraft increases its speed
C) The decrease in drag experienced at high altitudes
D) The increase in drag due to adverse weather conditions
Answer: A) The rapid increase in drag as an aircraft approaches the speed of sound
What is the main purpose of an aircraft’s horizontal stabilizer?
A) To provide longitudinal stability and control
B) To provide lateral stability and control
C) To generate lift during takeoff
D) To reduce drag
Answer: A) To provide longitudinal stability and control
The term “sweepback” refers to:
A) The angle at which the wings are angled backward relative to the fuselage
B) The angle at which the wings are angled forward relative to the fuselage
C) The angle at which the tail is angled upward
D) The angle at which the fuselage is inclined relative to the ground
Answer: A) The angle at which the wings are angled backward relative to the fuselage
What does “Mach tuck” refer to in high-speed flight?
A) The tendency for the nose of the aircraft to pitch downward as it approaches the speed of sound
B) The tendency for the aircraft’s wings to stall at high speeds
C) The tendency for the aircraft’s engines to overheat at high speeds
D) The tendency for the aircraft’s control surfaces to become ineffective at high speeds
Answer: A) The tendency for the nose of the aircraft to pitch downward as it approaches the speed of sound
The “high-speed buffet” is a phenomenon associated with:
A) The onset of shock waves and turbulence on the wing
B) The sudden loss of lift during high-speed flight
C) The increase in drag at low speeds
D) The decrease in engine performance at high speeds
Answer: A) The onset of shock waves and turbulence on the wing
The term “wing loading” affects which aspect of an aircraft’s performance?
A) Stall speed
B) Drag coefficient
C) Thrust-to-weight ratio
D) Lift-to-drag ratio
Answer: A) Stall speed
What is “p-factor” in aerodynamics?
A) The asymmetric drag caused by the propeller’s angle of attack
B) The factor that determines the lift generated by the wing
C) The factor that affects the aircraft’s fuel consumption
D) The factor that influences the aircraft’s stall speed
Answer: A) The asymmetric drag caused by the propeller’s angle of attack
The “Mach cone” is associated with which aerodynamic phenomenon?
A) Shock waves produced by an object moving at supersonic speeds
B) The formation of vortexes at the wing tips
C) The generation of lift in a transonic airflow
D) The increase in drag due to the boundary layer
Answer: A) Shock waves produced by an object moving at supersonic speeds
What is “ground effect” in the context of aircraft takeoff and landing?
A) The increase in lift and decrease in drag experienced when an aircraft is close to the ground
B) The decrease in engine performance when flying at low altitudes
C) The effect of ground turbulence on the aircraft’s stability
D) The impact of ground temperature on aircraft performance
Answer: A) The increase in lift and decrease in drag experienced when an aircraft is close to the ground
What is the primary cause of “wing drop” during a stall?
A) The loss of lift on one wing due to asymmetric airflow
B) The sudden increase in drag on one wing
C) The decrease in thrust on one side of the aircraft
D) The increase in weight on one side of the aircraft
Answer: A) The loss of lift on one wing due to asymmetric airflow
The term “airfoil” refers to:
A) A shape designed to generate lift and reduce drag
B) The engine component that provides thrust
C) The control surface used to change the aircraft’s direction
D) The fuselage of the aircraft
Answer: A) A shape designed to generate lift and reduce drag
What is the “total drag” on an aircraft composed of?
A) Induced drag and parasite drag
B) Lift drag and weight drag
C) Thrust drag and gravitational drag
D) Skin friction drag and pressure drag
Answer: A) Induced drag and parasite drag
Which type of flow is associated with “turbulent flow”?
A) Chaotic and irregular flow of air over a surface
B) Smooth and orderly flow of air over a surface
C) Laminar flow with low friction
D) Flow that generates minimal drag
Answer: A) Chaotic and irregular flow of air over a surface
The term “vertical stabilizer” refers to:
A) The vertical surface on the tail of an aircraft that provides directional stability
B) The horizontal surface on the tail of an aircraft that provides pitch control
C) The main wing structure that supports the aircraft’s weight
D) The component responsible for generating lift
Answer: A) The vertical surface on the tail of an aircraft that provides directional stability
What does “propeller efficiency” measure?
A) The effectiveness of converting engine power into thrust
B) The effectiveness of reducing drag
C) The effectiveness of generating lift
D) The effectiveness of controlling the aircraft’s direction
Answer: A) The effectiveness of converting engine power into thrust
What is the “maximum speed for a given altitude” also known as?
A) Maximum operating speed
B) Stall speed
C) Critical Mach speed
D) Takeoff speed
Answer: A) Maximum operating speed
The “compressibility effect” becomes significant at:
A) High subsonic speeds
B) Low subsonic speeds
C) Low supersonic speeds
D) High hypersonic speeds
Answer: A) High subsonic speeds
The “D’ Laminar Flow” is a technique used to:
A) Maintain smooth and steady airflow over the aircraft surface
B) Increase the aircraft’s drag for better control
C) Disrupt the airflow to enhance maneuverability
D) Reduce the aircraft’s lift for safe landing
Answer: A) Maintain smooth and steady airflow over the aircraft surface
What does “washout” refer to in wing design?
A) The gradual decrease in the angle of incidence from root to tip to delay tip stalling
B) The increase in wing area at the tips to improve lift
C) The decrease in the thickness of the wing at the root to reduce drag
D) The addition of winglets to reduce induced drag
Answer: A) The gradual decrease in the angle of incidence from root to tip to delay tip stalling
The “jet effect” primarily influences which type of aircraft?
A) Jet-powered aircraft
B) Propeller-driven aircraft
C) Gliders
D) Hot air balloons
Answer: A) Jet-powered aircraft
The “airfoil camber” is defined as:
A) The curvature of the airfoil’s mean line
B) The thickness of the airfoil
C) The angle of attack of the airfoil
D) The chord length of the airfoil
Answer: A) The curvature of the airfoil’s mean line
What is “Vortex drag”?
A) The drag caused by vortexes generated at the wing tips
B) The drag caused by the friction of the aircraft’s surface
C) The drag caused by the compressibility of air at high speeds
D) The drag caused by the aircraft’s propulsion system
Answer: A) The drag caused by vortexes generated at the wing tips
What does “stall recovery” involve?
A) Reducing the angle of attack and increasing airspeed to regain lift
B) Increasing the angle of attack and reducing airspeed to regain control
C) Reducing engine power and increasing altitude to recover from a stall
D) Increasing engine power and decreasing altitude to recover from a stall
Answer: A) Reducing the angle of attack and increasing airspeed to regain lift