What are meristems?
a) Regions of differentiated cells
b) Regions of undifferentiated cells that divide
c) Structures that transport water
d) Parts of the plant that store nutrients Answer: b) Regions of undifferentiated cells that divide
Which type of meristem is responsible for primary growth?
a) Lateral meristem
b) Apical meristem
c) Intercalary meristem
d) Cambium Answer: b) Apical meristem
What type of growth do lateral meristems contribute to?
a) Primary growth
b) Secondary growth
c) Tertiary growth
d) All of the above Answer: b) Secondary growth
Where are intercalary meristems typically found?
a) At the tips of roots and shoots
b) At the base of leaves and stems
c) In the cambium layer
d) In the roots Answer: b) At the base of leaves and stems
Which of the following is NOT a type of meristem?
a) Apical meristem
b) Lateral meristem
c) Parenchyma meristem
d) Intercalary meristem Answer: c) Parenchyma meristem
Which plant hormone is primarily involved in promoting cell division in meristems?
a) Auxin
b) Gibberellin
c) Cytokinin
d) Abscisic acid Answer: c) Cytokinin
What is the main function of the apical meristem?
a) Increase stem diameter
b) Increase root length
c) Produce leaves
d) Both b and c Answer: d) Both b and c
In which plant group are meristems most commonly found?
a) Gymnosperms
b) Angiosperms
c) Ferns
d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
What type of cells primarily make up meristems?
a) Parenchyma cells
b) Collenchyma cells
c) Sclerenchyma cells
d) Meristematic cells Answer: d) Meristematic cells
Which meristem is responsible for forming the vascular cambium?
a) Apical meristem
b) Intercalary meristem
c) Lateral meristem
d) Root cap Answer: c) Lateral meristem
What type of growth is associated with the elongation of shoots and roots?
a) Secondary growth
b) Primary growth
c) Tertiary growth
d) All of the above Answer: b) Primary growth
Which of the following plant hormones promotes stem elongation?
a) Auxin
b) Ethylene
c) Cytokinin
d) Gibberellin Answer: d) Gibberellin
What is the term for the increase in thickness of stems and roots?
a) Primary growth
b) Secondary growth
c) Tertiary growth
d) Lateral growth Answer: b) Secondary growth
Where do you find the cambium in a plant?
a) At the tip of the root
b) Between the xylem and phloem
c) In the leaf axils
d) In the root cap Answer: b) Between the xylem and phloem
What role do meristems play in plant regeneration?
a) They facilitate photosynthesis
b) They allow for growth after damage
c) They store nutrients
d) They transport water Answer: b) They allow for growth after damage
Which type of growth is primarily seen in woody plants?
a) Primary growth
b) Secondary growth
c) Tertiary growth
d) None of the above Answer: b) Secondary growth
How do environmental factors affect meristem activity?
a) They have no effect
b) They can stimulate or inhibit growth
c) They only stimulate growth
d) They only inhibit growth Answer: b) They can stimulate or inhibit growth
Which meristematic tissue is responsible for the growth of branches?
a) Apical meristem
b) Lateral meristem
c) Intercalary meristem
d) All of the above Answer: b) Lateral meristem
What is the main characteristic of meristematic cells?
a) They are specialized for photosynthesis
b) They are capable of rapid division
c) They have thick cell walls
d) They store starch Answer: b) They are capable of rapid division
What is the main factor that influences the direction of growth in plants?
a) Light
b) Water
c) Soil nutrients
d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
Which type of meristem is involved in producing new leaves and flowers?
a) Apical meristem
b) Lateral meristem
c) Intercalary meristem
d) Vascular cambium Answer: a) Apical meristem
What effect does auxin have on plant growth?
a) It promotes root growth
b) It inhibits cell division
c) It stimulates elongation of cells
d) It prevents flowering Answer: c) It stimulates elongation of cells
Which of the following best describes secondary growth?
a) Increase in height
b) Increase in girth
c) Formation of leaves
d) Development of roots Answer: b) Increase in girth
What happens to meristematic cells as they differentiate?
a) They remain undifferentiated
b) They lose their ability to divide
c) They become specialized for specific functions
d) Both b and c Answer: d) Both b and c
What is the primary role of the vascular cambium?
a) Transporting nutrients
b) Photosynthesis
c) Producing xylem and phloem
d) Storing water Answer: c) Producing xylem and phloem
Which meristem allows for the regrowth of grass after mowing?
a) Apical meristem
b) Lateral meristem
c) Intercalary meristem
d) Vascular cambium Answer: c) Intercalary meristem
What is the growth pattern of plants primarily influenced by?
a) Gravity
b) Water availability
c) Light direction
d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
Which part of the plant contains the apical meristem?
a) Root tip
b) Leaf base
c) Stem node
d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
What happens to meristematic tissues during the flowering process?
a) They stop dividing
b) They become dormant
c) They differentiate into floral parts
d) They transform into roots Answer: c) They differentiate into floral parts
In which type of plant would you expect to find significant secondary growth?
a) Herbaceous plants
b) Annual plants
c) Woody plants
d) Aquatic plants Answer: c) Woody plants