What is the primary function of an instrument in a measurement system?
A) To measure physical quantities
B) To store data
C) To process data
D) To control processes
Answer: A) To measure physical quantities
2. Which type of sensor converts physical quantity into an electrical signal?
A) Transducer
B) Actuator
C) Controller
D) Indicator
Answer: A) Transducer
3. What does a “thermocouple” measure?
A) Temperature
B) Pressure
C) Flow rate
D) Humidity
Answer: A) Temperature
4. What is the principle behind a “strain gauge”?
A) It measures strain by detecting changes in resistance
B) It measures temperature by detecting changes in voltage
C) It measures pressure by detecting changes in capacitance
D) It measures flow rate by detecting changes in frequency
Answer: A) It measures strain by detecting changes in resistance
5. Which device is used to measure the flow rate of a liquid?
A) Flowmeter
B) Pressure gauge
C) Thermometer
D) Hygrometer
Answer: A) Flowmeter
6. What does a “manometer” measure?
A) Pressure
B) Temperature
C) Speed
D) Distance
Answer: A) Pressure
7. What is the main use of a “calibration” process in instrumentation?
A) To ensure accuracy and precision of measurements
B) To increase the measurement range
C) To improve the sensor’s sensitivity
D) To reduce measurement noise
Answer: A) To ensure accuracy and precision of measurements
8. Which type of measurement does a “pH meter” perform?
A) pH level
B) Temperature
C) Pressure
D) Humidity
Answer: A) pH level
9. What is the function of a “pressure transducer”?
A) To convert pressure into an electrical signal
B) To measure temperature changes
C) To determine flow rate
D) To measure humidity
Answer: A) To convert pressure into an electrical signal
10. What does an “oscilloscope” display?
A) The waveform of electrical signals
B) The temperature of an object
C) The pressure of a fluid
D) The pH of a solution
Answer: A) The waveform of electrical signals
11. What type of sensor is a “piezoelectric sensor”?
A) It converts mechanical stress into electrical charge
B) It measures temperature by resistance change
C) It detects light intensity by varying resistance
D) It measures pressure by capacitive change
Answer: A) It converts mechanical stress into electrical charge
12. What does a “displacement sensor” measure?
A) The distance or change in position of an object
B) The temperature of an object
C) The pressure of a fluid
D) The flow rate of a liquid
Answer: A) The distance or change in position of an object
13. What is an “RTD” used to measure?
A) Temperature
B) Pressure
C) Flow rate
D) Humidity
Answer: A) Temperature
14. What is the purpose of an “instrumentation amplifier”?
A) To amplify low-level signals with high precision
B) To convert analog signals to digital
C) To measure temperature changes
D) To filter noise from signals
Answer: A) To amplify low-level signals with high precision
15. Which type of sensor uses a “capacitive” principle?
A) Capacitive proximity sensor
B) Resistive temperature device (RTD)
C) Thermocouple
D) Strain gauge
Answer: A) Capacitive proximity sensor
16. What is a “hall effect sensor” used to measure?
A) Magnetic fields
B) Temperature
C) Pressure
D) Displacement
Answer: A) Magnetic fields
17. In a “data acquisition system,” what is the role of an “analog-to-digital converter (ADC)”?
A) To convert analog signals into digital signals
B) To measure analog signals
C) To amplify digital signals
D) To filter analog signals
Answer: A) To convert analog signals into digital signals
18. What does a “humidity sensor” measure?
A) The amount of moisture in the air
B) The temperature of an object
C) The flow rate of a liquid
D) The pressure of a fluid
Answer: A) The amount of moisture in the air
19. What does a “gas chromatograph” analyze?
A) The composition of gases or volatile compounds
B) The flow rate of a liquid
C) The temperature of a fluid
D) The pressure of a gas
Answer: A) The composition of gases or volatile compounds
20. What is the main function of a “vibration sensor”?
A) To measure the frequency and amplitude of vibrations
B) To measure temperature changes
C) To detect changes in pressure
D) To measure flow rate
Answer: A) To measure the frequency and amplitude of vibrations
21. What is the primary use of a “level sensor”?
A) To detect the level of liquids or solids in a container
B) To measure the temperature of a substance
C) To determine the pressure of a fluid
D) To measure the flow rate of a liquid
Answer: A) To detect the level of liquids or solids in a container
22. What does a “thermistor” measure?
A) Temperature based on resistance change
B) Pressure based on capacitance change
C) Flow rate based on frequency change
D) pH level based on voltage change
Answer: A) Temperature based on resistance change
23. What is the function of a “load cell” in instrumentation?
A) To measure force or weight
B) To measure temperature changes
C) To determine fluid flow rate
D) To measure humidity
Answer: A) To measure force or weight
24. What does a “digital voltmeter” measure?
A) Voltage in a digital format
B) Current in a digital format
C) Resistance in a digital format
D) Frequency in a digital format
Answer: A) Voltage in a digital format
25. What principle does a “photoelectric sensor” operate on?
A) It detects changes in light intensity
B) It measures changes in temperature
C) It detects changes in pressure
D) It measures changes in magnetic fields
Answer: A) It detects changes in light intensity
26. What is the primary function of a “speed sensor”?
A) To measure the speed of rotating or moving objects
B) To measure the temperature of a fluid
C) To detect the pressure of a gas
D) To determine the flow rate of a liquid
Answer: A) To measure the speed of rotating or moving objects
27. What type of sensor is a “proximity sensor”?
A) A sensor that detects the presence of nearby objects without physical contact
B) A sensor that measures temperature changes
C) A sensor that measures pressure variations
D) A sensor that measures flow rate
Answer: A) A sensor that detects the presence of nearby objects without physical contact
28. What does a “current transformer” measure?
A) Current in an AC circuit
B) Voltage in an AC circuit
C) Resistance in a DC circuit
D) Power in an AC circuit
Answer: A) Current in an AC circuit
29. What is the main use of a “frequency meter”?
A) To measure the frequency of an electrical signal
B) To measure the voltage of an electrical signal
C) To measure the current in an electrical signal
D) To measure the power in an electrical signal
Answer: A) To measure the frequency of an electrical signal
30. What does a “gas sensor” measure?
A) The concentration of specific gases in the environment
B) The temperature of a gas
C) The pressure of a gas
D) The flow rate of a gas
Answer: A) The concentration of specific gases in the environment
31. What does a “differential pressure sensor” measure?
A) The difference in pressure between two points
B) The absolute pressure of a fluid
C) The temperature of a fluid
D) The flow rate of a fluid
Answer: A) The difference in pressure between two points
32. What is the purpose of a “signal conditioner”?
A) To modify the signal to a suitable form for measurement or processing
B) To measure the signal directly
C) To store the signal data
D) To display the signal
Answer: A) To modify the signal to a suitable form for measurement or processing
33. What does a “vortex flowmeter” measure?
A) The flow rate of a fluid using vortex shedding principle
B) The temperature of a fluid
C) The pressure of a fluid
D) The density of a fluid
Answer: A) The flow rate of a fluid using vortex shedding principle
34. What type of measurement does an “inductive proximity sensor” provide?
A) Detection of the presence of metal objects
B) Measurement of temperature
C) Measurement of pressure
D) Measurement of flow rate
Answer: A) Detection of the presence of metal objects
35. What does a “photoresistor” change its resistance based on?
A) Light intensity
B) Temperature
C) Pressure
D) Humidity
Answer: A) Light intensity
36. What is a “rheostat” used for?
A) To adjust the resistance in a circuit
B) To measure temperature
C) To measure pressure
D) To measure flow rate
Answer: A) To adjust the resistance in a circuit
37. What does a “humidity sensor” typically use to measure moisture content?
A) Capacitive or resistive principles
B) Optical or acoustic principles
C) Magnetic or inductive principles
D) Thermal or piezoelectric principles
Answer: A) Capacitive or resistive principles
38. What does a “digital multimeter” measure?
A) Voltage, current, and resistance
B) Pressure and temperature
C) Flow rate and humidity
D) Speed and displacement
Answer: A) Voltage, current, and resistance
39. What principle does a “thermocouple” use to measure temperature?
A) The Seebeck effect, where a voltage is generated due to different metals at different temperatures
B) The resistance change due to temperature
C) The capacitance change due to temperature
D) The piezoelectric effect due to temperature changes
Answer: A) The Seebeck effect, where a voltage is generated due to different metals at different temperatures
40. What is a “Bourdon tube” used for in instrumentation?
A) To measure pressure
B) To measure temperature
C) To measure flow rate
D) To measure displacement
Answer: A) To measure pressure
41. What does a “tachometer” measure?
A) The rotational speed of a shaft or wheel
B) The temperature of an object
C) The pressure of a fluid
D) The flow rate of a liquid
Answer: A) The rotational speed of a shaft or wheel
42. What is the function of a “thermal imaging camera”?
A) To capture the heat emitted by objects and visualize temperature distribution
B) To measure pressure variations
C) To determine fluid flow rate
D) To measure light intensity
Answer: A) To capture the heat emitted by objects and visualize temperature distribution
43. What is a “load cell” primarily used for in industrial applications?
A) To measure the weight or force applied to it
B) To measure temperature changes
C) To determine fluid flow rate
D) To measure humidity levels
Answer: A) To measure the weight or force applied to it
44. What is an “ultrasonic sensor” used to measure?
A) Distance by emitting sound waves and measuring the reflection time
B) Pressure by detecting sound frequency changes
C) Temperature by measuring sound velocity
D) Flow rate by detecting sound attenuation
Answer: A) Distance by emitting sound waves and measuring the reflection time
45. What does a “pneumatic pressure transducer” convert?
A) Pneumatic pressure into an electrical signal
B) Electrical signals into pneumatic pressure
C) Fluid flow into electrical signals
D) Temperature into pneumatic pressure
Answer: A) Pneumatic pressure into an electrical signal
46. What does a “capacitive level sensor” measure?
A) The level of liquids or solids based on changes in capacitance
B) The temperature of a fluid
C) The pressure of a gas
D) The flow rate of a liquid
Answer: A) The level of liquids or solids based on changes in capacitance
47. What does a “radar level sensor” use to measure level?
A) Radio waves to detect the distance to the surface of the material
B) Temperature changes to determine the level
C) Pressure changes to measure the level
D) Acoustic waves to measure the distance
Answer: A) Radio waves to detect the distance to the surface of the material
48. What is the main advantage of using an “optical sensor”?
A) It provides non-contact measurement with high precision
B) It is highly sensitive to temperature changes
C) It can measure pressure changes effectively
D) It provides high-speed measurement for flow rates
Answer: A) It provides non-contact measurement with high precision
49. What does a “magnetostrictive sensor” measure?
A) Distance by detecting changes in magnetic properties
B) Temperature by measuring resistance changes
C) Pressure by detecting capacitance changes
D) Flow rate by measuring frequency changes
Answer: A) Distance by detecting changes in magnetic properties
50. What does a “spectrometer” measure in terms of light?
A) The intensity and wavelength distribution of light
B) The temperature and pressure of light
C) The speed and flow rate of light
D) The distance and displacement of light
Answer: A) The intensity and wavelength distribution of light