What is the primary focus of criminology?
A) The study of criminal behavior and societal reactions
B) The enforcement of laws
C) The rehabilitation of offenders
D) The creation of laws Answer: A
Which theory suggests that criminal behavior is learned through social interactions?
A) Biological theory
B) Social learning theory
C) Routine activity theory
D) Strain theory Answer: B
What is the term for a crime that is motivated by prejudice against a particular group?
A) White-collar crime
B) Hate crime
C) Property crime
D) Corporate crime Answer: B
Which of the following is considered a property crime?
A) Murder
B) Robbery
C) Burglary
D) Arson Answer: C
What does the term “victimology” refer to?
A) The study of laws
B) The study of criminal justice systems
C) The study of victims and their role in the crime
D) The study of criminal profiling Answer: C
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of organized crime?
A) Continuity
B) Hierarchical structure
C) Legal operations
D) Use of violence or intimidation Answer: C
What is a “felony”?
A) A minor crime
B) A serious crime typically punishable by imprisonment for more than one year
C) A crime without a victim
D) A civil offense Answer: B
What is the primary purpose of the criminal justice system?
A) To punish offenders only
B) To maintain social order and enforce laws
C) To provide social services
D) To create new laws Answer: B
Which of the following theories explains criminal behavior as a result of societal pressures?
A) Control theory
B) Anomie theory
C) Rational choice theory
D) Biological theory Answer: B
What is “white-collar crime”?
A) Crimes committed by individuals in their personal lives
B) Non-violent crime committed for financial gain within a business context
C) Street crimes committed in urban areas
D) Cybercrimes Answer: B
Which of the following is a characteristic of a “psychopath”?
A) High levels of empathy
B) Impulsivity and lack of remorse
C) Consistent social behavior
D) Strong moral compass Answer: B
What is the “broken windows theory”?
A) A theory that suggests crime is reduced by fixing broken windows
B) A theory that links minor offenses to serious crime
C) A theory focused on economic factors of crime
D) A theory emphasizing genetic predisposition to crime Answer: B
Which of the following is an example of a status offense?
A) Theft
B) Running away from home
C) Burglary
D) Assault Answer: B
What does the term “recidivism” refer to?
A) The initial crime committed
B) The act of reoffending after punishment
C) A type of rehabilitation
D) A criminal justice policy Answer: B
Which of the following factors can contribute to criminal behavior?
A) Socioeconomic status
B) Peer influence
C) Family dynamics
D) All of the above Answer: D
What is the role of a criminologist?
A) To enforce laws
B) To study crime patterns and causes
C) To prosecute offenders
D) To create new laws Answer: B
What is a “victim impact statement”?
A) A statement made by the offender
B) A report detailing the financial losses of a crime
C) A personal account from the victim describing how the crime affected them
D) A summary of the criminal trial Answer: C
Which of the following is considered a violent crime?
A) Embezzlement
B) Arson
C) Assault
D) Fraud Answer: C
What does “deterrence theory” propose?
A) Punishment should be swift and severe to discourage crime
B) Crime is a result of social conditions
C) Criminal behavior is inherited
D) Rehabilitation is more effective than punishment Answer: A
Which of the following refers to the unlawful killing of another person?
A) Manslaughter
B) Murder
C) Homicide
D) All of the above Answer: D
What is “social control”?
A) Legal mechanisms to prevent crime
B) The societal expectations and norms that regulate individual behavior
C) Methods used by police to enforce laws
D) Strategies for managing offenders Answer: B
Which criminal justice component focuses on the prevention of crime?
A) Law enforcement
B) Courts
C) Corrections
D) All of the above Answer: A
What is “forensic criminology”?
A) The study of crime statistics
B) The application of criminology in legal investigations
C) The analysis of criminal behavior patterns
D) The study of criminal justice systems Answer: B
What type of crime is characterized by the violation of public order?
A) Property crime
B) Violent crime
C) Public order crime
D) White-collar crime Answer: C
Which term refers to the legal principle that determines who is considered responsible for a crime?
A) Liability
B) Accountability
C) Culpability
D) Punishment Answer: C
What is the primary purpose of rehabilitation in the criminal justice system?
A) To punish offenders
B) To reintegrate offenders into society and reduce recidivism
C) To provide financial restitution to victims
D) To serve as a deterrent Answer: B
Which of the following best describes “criminal profiling”?
A) Identifying potential victims
B) Creating psychological profiles of criminals based on crime scene evidence
C) Predicting future criminal behavior
D) Classifying types of crimes Answer: B
What is a key feature of restorative justice?
A) Punishment is the main focus
B) Involvement of victims, offenders, and the community to repair harm
C) Prioritization of incarceration
D) Legal representation for offenders only Answer: B
Which of the following is a consequence of labeling theory?
A) Increased social acceptance
B) Enhanced self-esteem
C) Increased likelihood of reoffending due to societal labels
D) Improved social behavior Answer: C
What is a common criticism of the criminal justice system?
A) It effectively reduces crime
B) It is equally applied to all citizens
C) It can be biased against certain groups
D) It provides sufficient rehabilitation Answer: C